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Entry:Travel, Disability, and Universal Design: The Rolling Rains Report

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by Leonie11 on April 12, 2008 - 08:07

Hi Scott,
I have read your entry with great interest. I have an entry here as well - a travel-guide book and website of eco-friendly accommodation, organic food outlets and eco/cultural tourism in New Zealand. One of the questions I ask providers on my website is do they have disabled access? I would estimate 95% of them say no. I will tell them about you.
From my own personal experience, my cousin suddenly became paralyzed, she had 4 young children at the time and it has been, and continues to be, a big struggle for her family. They have difficulty with the simplest things, such as going out to a restaurant for dinner - the tables are too low to fit the chair under, the aisle is so narrow between tables there is no room for her to sit. There is very little thought or consideration towards her wellbeing or right to have access like anybody else. The family went to Australia for a week holiday last year and they were amazed at the difference in attitude. She was able to participate in every activity the family and kids enjoyed. I don't know why New Zealand should be so behind about these things? Have you been here?
Leonie

by srains on April 12, 2008 - 11:50

Hi Leonie,
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I am so glad you found my work and that it has been helpful to you.
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Yes, I have been to NZ but only to the North Island for a quick trip. Coincidentally, I wore my "Dive Tutukaka" sweatshirt to a workshop this week and discovered that the quadriplegic sitting behind me had a SCUBA shop.
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You probably noticed Dr. Sandra Rhodda's comments here. She is Research Manager at Tai Poutini Polytechnic and has done some important research. You will want to connect with her. The quickest way might be to add her as a "Buddy" on this site and send her a note. Do the same for me and I will introduce you to a network that I facilitate where you will find support.
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There has not been a lot of new articles at New Zealand on Wheels lately but if you write to owner Simon O'Keefe you will find an ally.
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I won't contribute to Kiwi/Aussie rivalry by commenting on the differences that you observed but I will assure you emphatically that there is no magic to it. Some very fine people have devoted significant portions of their lives to the personal, political, academic, and financial discipline that it took to make Australia such a leading light. In the end, it comes down to individual changemakers using the total leverage of where they stand -- or sit. I'm glad you are using yours in New Zealand!
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Scott Rains
www.RollingRains.com

by Leonie11 on April 13, 2008 - 03:03

Hey Scott,
thanks for your reply. Checked out NZ on Wheels. Amazing what is out there that I did't know about; Even more embarrassing - as I was saying, my own cousin is on wheels and I haven;t before taken the trouble to find out more about networks and resources she may or may not be involved with. I will definitely include (get an update and link to Simon) the NZ travel information in the next edition of my eco-travel guide book. Thanks for opening my eyes a little.
Leonie

by esprit on April 8, 2008 - 22:55

Dear Scott,

Your efforts here hit home in a very dramatic way for me this weekend. I was at a conference in montreal over the weekend and became friends with someone with a spinal cord injury. We needed to go from one building to another using a series of underground walkways and we were confronted with stairs and other obstacles that made wheelchair access difficult and inconvenient. As a person without mobility issues I am ashamed to have not really noticed or considered poor design before. My experience trying to figure out a viable route with my new friend was difficult and embarrassing.

On a more positive note, my experience has affirmed my commitment to provide universal access to our adventure programs (rafting, canoeing and kayaking). We will be posting information within the next 2 weeks regarding participation on our adventure programs on our new website www.whitewater.ca

I am pleased to inform you and those at Ashoka that your entry in the Geotourism Challenge has, in fact, invoked and inspired positive change in our operation.

You really are a Changemaker!

Thank you,

jim, erin & team esprit

by indrao on April 6, 2008 - 04:59

Dear Scott,

We are writing from Mongolia to support your innovation that will bring a bright future to the people with disabilities.

Mongolia is homeland of great history of the world where the tourism industry has been relatively intensively developed for the past few years. However, experience, human resource and infrastructure on inclusive tourism are just in its embryo stage. Therefore, we are amazed by the project vast scope, which is including everyone(non-disabled and disabled community)and its benefits.

Since you are an experienced leader in this field, we believe that the project can be a model for disabled community who want to develop inclusive tourism in their countries.

All the best for your innovation.

by GeoT on April 5, 2008 - 00:31

----------
Claude "GeoT" Rallins
www.GeoTourism.tv

by srains on April 1, 2008 - 13:20

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The community commentary on this proposal to establish a network of Centers of Inclusive Tourism has been extraordinary! Changemakers have been central in fine-tuning the proposal. (Do I sense a humorous touch that it was chosen as Featured Entry on April Fool's Day?)
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I would like everyone who stumbles upon this Geotourism entry to know about another resource here at Changemakers -- an interview with Dr. Donald Hawkins.
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In my work we talk about "inclusion" - Inclusive Tourism, Inclusive Destination Development, Inclusive Geotourism. Dr. Hawkins, without mentioning disability, lists the allies and pro-poor bias that we intended by choosing the word "inclusion" when defining the field.
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Universal Design is the intellectual product of disability culture to answer the question posed by those with responsibility for social sustainability, "How do we include people with disabilities - the full range of human variation - into full social participation?" It made explicit a problem-solving and pragmatic approach. That generated the concrete demonstrations of full inclusion that gave lawmakers the courage to imagine and then legislate disability rights as human rights. Today, enshrined in Article 30 of the Convention on the UN's Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD), we have the first international human rights document addressing disability and tourism.
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Taking it a step further, Dr. Hawkins is right when he says that tourism, "is really the largest ever transfer of wealth from rich to the poorer countries" and, as he cites Tim Fort's observation from the Institute for Corporate Responsibility that, "business could go a long way by using that commercial activity to stimulate peace."
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To meet the demands of justice as we build out the infrastructure of tourism it must be of accessible to all - at the physical and the services level - because we know that "anatomy is not destiny" and exclusion is not sustainable.
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Inclusive Geotourism shares the Disability Rights dictum, "Nothing about us without us" with the Responsible Tourism movement.
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No justice, no peace, no business.

by Mary Chen on March 25, 2008 - 17:50

Travelling is an activity that expands your mind and increases your social networking.
However for the 650 million people with disabilities (pwds) worldwide this simple pleasurable activity may be denied them because of barriers in accessibility. (WHO stats)

The questions we are all interested to know is : is there a place in geotourism for travellers with disabilities?
local initiatives by committed individuals, travel operators and some organisations have moved disability travel forward in their own way, showing us that it is possible to the natural beauty of cultural heritage sites yet enabling travellers with disabilities to enjoy such tourist spots.

The Rolling rains report has been a virtual resource of such information for most of us in the disability field on such local initiatives.

His project is timely as it will answer the question of how can we merge the two needs ensuring the evolvement of sustainable tourism that can also be enjoyed by travellers with disabilities on a global network.

His proposal of a resource centre with three strategically placed 'showrooms' of inclusive tourism will see these practical principles of accessible green tourism duplicated successfully at the local level given our own cultural, climatic and national tourism agenda.

In developing countries, people with disabilities often exist below the poverty line. And oftentimes because of the fact that they are not considered a consumer power, their needs for accessibility, for a barrier free environment that would in turn promote employment, education and recreational opportunities for them are seldom met.

As tourism is usually a major income earner for developing countries, promoting a global inclsuive tourism trend that would bring paying travellers with disabilities into the country would ensure that the basic accessible infrastructure would be implemented in that country, that would ultimately benefit the local disabled community.

As the publisher of CHALLENGES Magazine, Malaysia's 1st cross-disability lifestyle magazine, I welcome such projects that create greater awareness of the social and communal needs of people with disabilities worldwide.

by Peter Tan on March 25, 2008 - 00:35

In a county where accessible facilities are lacking and the excuse given is that there is no budget for it,I am absolutely sure promoting Inclusive Tourism in Malaysia, if successful, will bring about a great change. It is the general perception here that such facilities are extraordinary, needs money to be implemented and at the same time does not bring in profit of any kind.

Scott's approach here will be able to change those perceptions. First, tourism is one of the major industries here. Tourism dollars will definitely be an incentive to change the way things are being done. Moreover, this the government is current actively promoting the country as a second home for foreign retirees. Accessibility will add brownie points to that.

What we could not advocate successfully through old school methods, I believe beating round the bush method will work. The country earns revenue from such forms of tourism which in turn benefits the disabled community. This will also encourage domestic tourism as currently there are very few places that disabled people can visit.

Scott proposal is definitely pushing all the right buttons for us here in Malaysia. Given the opportunity, a Center of Excellence in Inclusive Tourism will bring about great benefit for the disabled people in Malaysia and at the same time, showcase the many great sights that have been hitherto out of bounds to many disabled people here.

by srains on March 25, 2008 - 11:13

Malaysia My Second Home Logo
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Peter,
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I think you have hit on a powerful synergy by linking the government's "Malaysia My Second Home" campaign with inclusion and geotourism. Looking at the criteria I wonder if people with disabilities will run into a roadblock at the Medical Report or Insurance requirements. Lee-chin noted below the difficulty of obtaining travel insurance and the need for a medical report leaves the door wide open for the Medical Model of Disability to work its abuses on applicants.
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However, if my worries in this regard are unfounded then a Center of Excellence in Inclusive Tourism working with "Malaysia My Second Home" would clearly offer something unique in the world.
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I wonder what a truly Malaysian interpretation of Universal Design would look like? It would be a big step toward what we talked about in the February 2008 issue of Design for All India in "Culture in the Further Development of Universal Design." (download issue as .pdf)
.
Scott
www.RollingRains.com
.
Malaysia My Second Home Logo

by srains on March 21, 2008 - 13:29

Three events taking place today relate to the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) although few participants in some of them are aware of the fact:
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The Second International Conference on Responsible Tourism in Kerala, India
The Blog Swarm on the CRPD is taking place throughout the blogosphere
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The CRPD is unique in that it is the first international human rights treaty to deal explicitly with tourism and persons with disability. This has extra significance because the document is also a legitimate expression of the political will of the worldwide disability community having arisen out of a laborious but transparent and participatory process. The kernel of the CRPD argument for full inclusion in tourism is Article 30 entitled, “Participation in Cultural Life, Recreation, Leisure and Sport.” Paragraph 5 reads in part
5. With a view to enabling persons with disabilities to participate on an equal basis with others in recreational, leisure and sporting activities, States Parties shall take appropriate measures:
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(c) To ensure that persons with disabilities have access to sporting, recreational and tourism venues;
(e) To ensure that persons with disabilities have access to services from those involved in the organization of recreational, tourism, leisure and sporting activities.
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This treaty establishes in international law the principle that Inclusive Tourism means physical accessibility and program accessibility.
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That is, Universal Design as ubiquitous and additional accessible design (and/or adaptive technologies) as necessary where physical access to a venue is insufficient as long as the programs and services offered to other tourists remain unavailable to tourists with disabilities.
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Public education on the role of CRPD in tourism is on the increase. One tool is the training manual “Human Rights Yes!” published by the University of Minnesota. As this conversation moves more into the mainstream look for contributions from institutions like the Responsible Tourism Conferences (Cape Town Declaration) and geographers such as those active on the GEOGABLE listserve.

by srains on March 21, 2008 - 19:16



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Universal Design - applied to both physical and program accessibility - undergirds every aspect of the proposed Centers of Excellence in Inclusive Tourism project. To the right are several ready-to-use slide shows on the seven principles of Universal Design in various languages or click here
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Human rights conventions such as the United Nations' Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) are not documents that most people are familiar with. Here is an FAQ with helpful background on the history and significance of these conventions.
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Adaptive Environments offers a succinct statement of the relationship between Universal Design and ecological values but work to elaborate the linkages needs to be undertaken by experts on both topics:
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Universal Design is a framework for the design of places, things, information, communication and policy to be usable by the widest range of people operating in the widest range of situations without special or separate design. Most simply, Universal Design is human-centered design of everything with everyone in mind.
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Universal Design is also called Inclusive Design, Design-for-All and Lifespan Design. It is not a design style but an orientation to any design process that starts with a responsibility to the experience of the user. It has a parallel in the green design movement that also offers a framework for design problem solving based on the core value of environmental responsibility. Universal Design and green design are comfortably two sides of the same coin but at different evolutionary stages. Green design focuses on environmental sustainability, Universal Design on social sustainability.

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Disability Studies is a relatively new academic field but it has a great deal to contribute to the direction that the tourism industry ought to go when working with the disability community as a travel market. Here is a link to the first academic journal in the field of Disability Studies to publish an issue on tourism and disability.

by wbalenov on March 20, 2008 - 11:18

I am pleased to see that Scott Rains has been nominated for the Changemaker competition.

Inclusive tourism is the wave of the future. As with most change, it has come from necessity, due to the older, affluent population, which has become far more mobile than previous generations. As a result, disabled too are spreading their wings to adventure and explore their planet, meet new cultures and contribute in a positive way to its development.

As North America's Disabled Adventurer, I have been able to explore and adventure, mostly alone, across all six habitable continents on this amazing planet.

In Argentina, I was able to wheel along a suspended, completely accessible track, into a maze of over 100 tropical waterfalls in Iguazu. It was thrilling and open to an adventurer in a wheelchair!

In Australia, a catamaran, also wonderful for my blue chair, whisked me away to the Great Barrier Reef, and a semi-submersible allowed me to venture beneath the waterline to explore the sea life and the amazing coral that makes up the reef itself.

On the other hand, I was prevented from exploring Kakadu National Park in northern Australia, when all the tour companies rejected me due to the fact that I was alone.

Additionally, many temples and shrines throughout Asia and even castles in Europe remain fortresses shutting out the disabled.

These are the words from Scott's own submission to this competition...

"Physical access to previously inaccessible cultural and natural riches is often the first step in true cultural literacy and green values. The interaction of local and foreign people with disabilities inevitably awakens reflection by each on their personal experiences of inclusion and exclusion, awareness and evaluation of their own culture, and exposure to undiscovered shared aspects of disability culture such as resiliency, interdependency, resistance, humor, and artistic expression. The presence of people with disabilities as unashamed social actors such as tourists with economic means is still a socially disruptive and artistically energizing event in many parts of the world."

I have seen the plight of the disabled in the Third World as well as here in the so called First World, and it is my belief that inclusive tourism, based on a thoughtful approach, will benefit both the cultures involved and the circumstances of indigenous disabled peoples. This type of endeavour will raise the public standing of the local disabled as the community recognises the rewards of having disabled tourists and tours reach into their villages and nations.

Before I met Scott Rains through the internet, I felt in many ways that I was only one of a few that tried to push the limits of inclusive travel. I know know this to be wrong, and have met many kindred spirits, all with the same hopes and goals - inclusive tourism in our lifetime.

I would like congratulate all the competitors here for their wonderful projects and efforts. No matter who ultimately wins, we are all the winners.

Many Changemakers in our society, are noteworthy in public media for their impact on change in a negative way, the same cannot be said for Scott Rains.

by srains on March 20, 2008 - 17:08

Walt,
.
You amaze me with all the places you have been. While I am holed away somewhere writing you are out there doing it!
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Of course, you must have slowed down long enough at least once to write the 55 stories in your book "Travels in a Blue Chair"
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I suspect that the sense of isolation that you commented on as a traveler seeing the world from the perspective of someone with a disability is being overcome by the very act of entering the Centers of Excellence in Inclusive Tourism proposal here at the Geotourism Challenge. Just look at the response it is getting demonstrating that we are already traveling everywhere -- even with barriers intact!
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Book Cover Travels in a Blue Chair
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Why don't you consider joining a group of South Americans with disabilities who have developed inclusive adventure tourism options throughout Brazil and Argentina? We will be at the Reatech Expo in São Paulo, Brazil from April 24- 27. There is plenty of space in our booth for your book and you too (if you bring your own blue chair to sit in for doing autographs.)
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Afterwards we will be giving a tour of a city of Socorro. Brazilian tourism entrepreneur and person with a disability Dada Moreira and his group Aventura Especial have been doing Inclusive Destination Development there for several years with the support of the former tourism minister. The new Brazilian Minister of Tourism, Marta Suplicy, has just allocated federal money to the project and included adapted adventure sports into the national training and certification program for outdoor sports suppliers.
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Scott Rains
www.RollingRains.com

by GreenMap on March 19, 2008 - 09:13

Access to all is so important, and the way Dr. Rains has organized this social media effort is a perspective changing boon to both the visitors and local people involved. We hope Green Maps created around the world can help disabled people enjoy their geotourism experiences more deeply - our icons include symbols for wheelchair accessible, senior-friendly and others that help 'level the playing field'.

by srains on March 19, 2008 - 11:10

Wendy,
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This new Green Map initiative "My Green Maps" could not be more timely from the perspective of the Centers of Excellence in Inclusive Tourism project. Not only do I endorse it but I can see several reasons why it could become a key tool in accomplishing the first set of deliverables of each Center -- "a tourism accessibility and opportunity audit":
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My Green Maps, as a Google Maps mashup, is available everywhere and requires very little training to use either as a mapmaker or a traveler looking for information.
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By design you have built it to demonstrate what we say about Universal Design that it goes hand-in-hand with green values to create the balanced human/ecological social sustainability that is the way of the future.
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Our Centers can very quickly demonstrate to their host destinations an online resource of accessible tourism assets and prioritize opportunities using My Green Maps.
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Each Center's project is available in real time for collaboration and management.
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Thank you for this very helpful innovation!
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Scott Rains
www.RollingRains.com

by Bussman99 on March 17, 2008 - 23:46

Dr. Scott Rains,

Inclusive Tourism is a "crusade" dear to my heart! I also detest, to my very core, inaccessibility! The problem I have been confronted with throughout my disabled life is trying to convince architectural, commercial, public and governmental establishments that accessibility means increased financial gains as well as accessibility for the disabled! It just makes good "cents!" The American disabled community spent almost $14 billion last year on tourism! If that figure doesn't attract the attention of tourism planners, nothing will! Try to imagine what the world disabled community spent!

I believe that one of our "Centers of Excellence" should be located on the Yucatán Peninsula. The vacation center for all of North and Central America!

When we focus on establishing a "Center of Excellence" we need to consider the positive impact that such a center might have on the local population, their psychological makeup, their financial structuring, their architectural designs, community planning, and the disabled community. It needs to be located where it will do the most good and where its' influence will have the greatest exposure!

Again Scott, I thank you for your leadership!

Take Care and Stay Well,
Bill

by srains on March 22, 2008 - 19:19

Bill,
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I liked your title that this a "Great Awakening."
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That is how I felt when I read an email from a friend in Pakistan quoting an article from India. The Tourism and Culture Minister Ambika Soni supported Disability Studies, Inclusive Tourism, and accessibility at heritage tourism sites in her address to the National Congress on Disability Studies in Secondary and Higher Education in India.
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At the same time an academic colleague at the University of Hawaii sent announcement of the Cultural Studies Pacific Rim Conference including a disability track.
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Maybe it's a "resurrection" in tune with the season.
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Scott

by Rosangela Berma... on March 16, 2008 - 19:02

My name is Rosangela Berman Bieler, I'm President of the Inter-American Institute on Disability & Inclusive Development (IIDI). I have been working closely with Scott Rains for the last 2-3 years on the creation of a "South Cone Tourism for All Network", involving Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina and Chile. The project’s vision is to comprehensively apply the principles of sustainability and social inclusion to tourist destinations, aiming to promote infrastructural, socioeconomic, and cultural changes that improve quality of life and well being for both visitors and local residents. The main objective is to create a network of tourist destinations based on integrated, comprehensive plans for environmental management, accessibility, and inclusive services for tourists with different levels of functional limitation, including elderly persons and persons with disabilities.

The project’s central strategy is to tap a large but unexplored tourist market and make communities more socially and ecologically responsible, more economically balanced, and more inclusive for all – within a sustainable development model. The proposal is to identify areas with a strong tourist appeal in key ports to be selected on the coast of the Southern Cone of Latin America, among those receiving domestic and international cruise ships. The scope of activity includes public policies, services, and works and activities by private enterprise and the Third Sector and International Cooperation.

During these past years working in collaboration with Scott Rains, he has been a fundamental conceptual and networking resource for us, bringing to the project the attention and the support of people related to the Tourism Industry, Academia and Universal Design Experts. Scott is a born networker and he is a constant inspiration for us moving ahead, even under so many adversities that we have to face when working in countries with low structure for inclusion. Scott has been offering us technical assistance and has been disseminating our initiatives throughout the world.

I hope he can get the visibility and the support he deserves for this proposal.

by srains on March 24, 2008 - 20:32

Rosangela,
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Obrigado for the support.
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Some of my favorite destinations in South America are older heritage sites. It was encouraging then to learn the other day that India's Minister of Tourism Ambika Soni spoke at the Indian National Congress on Disability Studies in Secondary and Higher Education emphasizing the need for inclusion at heritage tourism sites.
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With leadership like that from a country rich with world patrimony and careful to bequeath it intact to future generations we can hope for great things regarding accessibility in Argentina's Missiones District and along Brazil's Baroque Trail.
.
Scott
www.RollingRains.com

by nelidabarbeito on March 15, 2008 - 08:54

Why Scott? Because he knows a lot, and apart from that he consistently writes about his experiences globally. He travels, work and gives conferences globally. He knows different cultures and because of that he knows the strengths, and the things that have to be worked on. He is very perceptive, entrepreneuring, active and a happy person. He conects with everybody regardless of level of study. He knows what was done in the US in the last few years and so he is bright enough for planning what can be done in other countries without comiting the same errors. Not always life gives you a second oportunity.
We have a saying in Argentina. 'Experience is a comb that life gives you when you are bold'.

THIS IS AN OPORTUNITY TO GIVE SCOTT AND TO A LOT OF PEOPLE A COMB, A BRUSH, SRAY AND MODELING MOUSSE to get global awareness on what ACCESSIBLE TOURISM can do for the disabled and not disabled people.
Tourism can get countries together, can get awareness on susteinability of places to be visited, it can get awareness on the needs of disabled people, families and relatives when travelling.
So to whoever it may concern, Scott is the best stylist, give him the instruments!!!

Sincerelly,
Nelida Barbeito
nbarbeito@ttsviajes.com
54 11 5941 9694
Major in tourism specialized in accessible tourism in Argentina

by srains on March 17, 2008 - 12:34

Nelida,
.
SF Bay Sunset

Thanks for the endorsement! Let's see if there is anybody out there who wants to pay for the "comb" to to get this project underway!
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I look forward to seeing you and your Argentine contingent in São Paulo for Reatech and the launch of our project to bring accessibility to each of the major cruise ports from Salvador da Bahia, Brazil through Monetvideo, Uruguay and on down to Ushuaia in your country.
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Entonces, Let's get stylin' with Inclusive Tourism and set up these Centers of Excellence in Inclusive Tourism!
.
Scott Rains

by SandraR on March 13, 2008 - 20:00

Hi Scott,
It occurred to me that the statistics we use showing the importance of the access tourism market are somewhat out of date. For example, the 2002 figure of $13.6 million spent by people with disabilities on travel in the USA alone must be way below what PWDs actually spend now six years later.

And of course, any statistics we have on worldwide spend have to be way below reality because of the growing disposable wealth in countries like China, with its sizable population. Here in New Zealand for example, China is becoming a more important market as people from that country begin to spend their disposable income on travel - a trend that can only continue.

Also, we should factor in aging baby boomers (a huge group), who are beginning to experience disability and are thus swelling the population of PWDs (already the worlds largest minority). But what can you do? Clearly, updated research is needed on this topic, if only to pursued the tourism industry of the commercial importance of access tourism.
Cheers
Sandra Rhodda
Tai Poutini Polytechnic
Greymouth, New Zealand

by srains on March 13, 2008 - 20:59

Sandra,
.
You are absolutely right, of course. Eric Lipp and Laurel Van Horn at Open Doors Organization have newer numbers.
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The reporter Barbara De Lollis did a good job researching for her piece today in USAToday entitled, "Airlines tackle Wheelchair Needs>". Eric and Kate Hunter-Zaworski are quoted in it to good effect.
.

The Tourism of Thailand asked my colleagues and I for statistics on travel by people with disabilities in their country last month. I regretted to tell them that - unless someone funds something like this Centers of Excellence in Inclusive Tourism project - they were in the best position to survey incoming travelers for inbound figures and to crunch their domestic numbers on travel behavior and spending potential of their citizens to estimate their domestic travel market.
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The Devil's Playgound Wheelchair accessible lodge in Launceston Tasmania
Recently Travolution and Fortune Cookie teamed up to study UK travel web site accessibility. I proposed that we do a follow-up to look at the web sites of the top 5 destinations of choice for the major English-speaking countries. Then we show them the huge profit potential they jeopardize through inaccessibility. Your point would be the bow wrapping up that package -- have them measure inbound and outbound travelers with disabilities.
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Tasmania was doing that when I went down to research the Devil's Playground's circuit of accessible lodgings that spanned the island.

by srains on March 14, 2008 - 07:08

.
Below is the approach I suggest for following up on the UK study in a way that creates awareness on the part of tourism destinations that they can benefit economically from greater measurement of their customer base among travelers with disabilities:
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  1. Replicate the original study of UK websites at the end of the year in preparation for 2009 (The 2009 version could be announced at the Society for Accessible Tourism & Hospitality (SATH) Congress in Orlando, Florida January 2009)
  2. .

  3. Reverse the focus of the original study (Examine the accessibility of the top 5 destinations visited by travelers with disabilities from the UK)
  4. .

  5. Coordinate internationally (Collaborate with the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) and disabled peoples' organizations (DPOs) in the US, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand as they evaluate the accessibility of their travel websites and those of the top 5 travel destinations of people with disabilities for each of these countries)
  6. .

  7. Educate widely (Create simple resources educating the travel industry on the business advantages of accessible information. Include best practice recommendations as well as mandated legal minimums. Provide similar material for consumers to enable them to present their needs to businesses and tourism ministries in an informed and solution-oriented manner. Encourage translation and distribution of these resources.)
  8. .

  9. Announce globally (Present the results of the international study of top travel websites for English-speaking travelers with disabilities at the April 2009 International Conference on Accessible Tourism (ICAT) Conference in Singapore and the 2009 European Network for Accessible Tourism (ENAT)
  10. .

  11. Repeat annually (Become the monitor of travel industry compliance with standards of online accessibility. Disseminate best practices. Award excellence.)

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Analysis of the study results is available at Travolution: http://www.travolution.co.uk/Articles/2008/02/12/1270/Accessibility+-+gaining+access+to+an+online+world.html

by SandraR on March 17, 2008 - 18:12

Your suggestions for following up on the UK study are good. I just did a web search to try to find ANY recent stats for the number of PWDs who are traveling - by that I mean stats gathered by any government, municipality and so on (here in New Zealand as elsewhere, we know the origin, age, gender etc of our international and national tourists, but know nothing about their ability status). Call me web illiterate, but I could track down nothing of this nature. The European Commission has some interesting figures. The following is copied from their web site:
To estimate the potential size of the market it is assumed that 70 % of the disabled are physically and financially able to travel. Additionally, in particular disabled tourists are accompanied by travel companions. In the cases of families with disabled members traveling together the whole group can only travel when their accessibility needs are met. Thus the number of people requesting accessible products and services on the tourism market is much larger. According to the study it is estimated at 260 million people corresponding to expected revenues of € 166 billion. For the future this means an increasing need for more quality and accessibility. Thus demand for accessible tourism offers is growing, and the tourism industry is starting to recognize that tourists with reduced mobility form an important consumer group. In contrast to the huge number of tourists demanding accessible tourism facilities the share of tourism facilities reported by Member States as being accessible – at least for wheelchair users - amounts to only 1.5 % of restaurants & catering facilities, 6.5% of accommodation establishments and 11.3% of attractions. European Commission
http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/services/tourism/accessibility.htm

However, this and other such data only gives us an estimated glimpse at the size/potential of this market. We need better figures! Your project proposal for the challenge is another step along the way. Keep it up.

By the way, your hair looks great!

Cheers
Sandra Rhodda

by SandraR on March 26, 2008 - 16:29

Hi Scott,
I came across some more figures on the importance of the access tourism market in Dr. Mary S. Furlong's 2007 book "Turning Silver Into Gold", In it, she quotes American numbers from Jamie Sharples (of Level Travel), such as
* 94 million Americans comprise the mature and disabled markets
* They spent $35US on travel and tourism in 2003
* A Harris Interactive study showed more would spend on travel if travel was more accessible
* 62 million are over 50 (therefore incidence of disability in the population will increase)
* 29 million have some kind of sensory impairment
* 9 million have significant mobility impairment
* This huge market, which is set to grow, is essentially uncatered for and untapped

On another note, I am still interested in getting any comments about access tourism in Wellington if anyone with a disability has visited there - the good, the bad, and the ugly. It will help me in the talk I have to give on this topic to the Wellington City Council and an accommodation provider group.
Cheers mate
Sandra

by srains on March 26, 2008 - 17:23

Hi Sandra,
.
Good find. Thanks for sharing the information.
.
I have not been to Wellington but I hope anyone reading this site who has been there will take this great opportunity to make a difference by sharing their experiences with you!
.
Scott
www.RollingRains.com

by RollOnTravel on March 13, 2008 - 04:27

I know Scott Rains as the most active person in promoting universal design. When I first met Dr. Scott Rains I was already going pregnant with similar visions of change, that will have to happen in the hospitality business in order to accommodate travelers with disability.

1999 I founded RollOn Travel as specialized tour operator for disabled travelers. Since then I am accompanying tours, designing accessible tour programs and promote our vision of a barrier free travel environment.

As a service provider for disabled people we face many difficulty's but the most disturbing problem are the Hotel room designs. We found that almost all Hotel Rooms are build with barriers for disabled travelers. Especially the bathroom designs cause unnecessary difficulty's for disabled travelers.

With Scott Rains help I am now working on a recommendation paper to inform Hotels and architects about the basic architectural needs of disabled travelers. This is of course just a first step towards the goal of a universal accessible environment.

by srains on March 12, 2008 - 22:09

Xable Media Logo
Xable.com is a media production company run by Elio Navarro. Elio's work focuses on the community of which he is a part - the community of people with disabilities.
.
The site has hours of interesting clips and interviews. Here is an conversation between Elio & I at the 2008 SATH Congress in Orlando Florida on Inclusive Tourism.
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The interview is a broad-ranging discussion on the topic of travel and disability in the privileged context of two people with disabilities able to assume certain commonalities and focus on typically overlooked issues.
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For those into filmography trivia and costume design the stylish T-shirt I am wearing was a gift of the chief of the Bunun Tribe of Taitung, Taiwan. He also is a person with a disability and very eager to have his people benefit from Inclusive Tourism. If ever you have the opportunity visit thm for the extraordinary eight-part harmony that is their heritage.
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http://www.xable.com/videos/100370

by Nancy Gagnon on March 11, 2008 - 14:05

I met Scott at the SATH World Congress (Society for Accessible Travel and Hospitality) in Florida, January 2008. He spoke at the conference on Inclusive Design in Tourism. His expertise and intellectual knowledge on this topic far exceeds anyone I've ever met. I'm from Ontario, Canada where for over 30 years I have supported people with spinal cord injury, Acquired Brain injury and other disabilities to integrate into their non accessible communities. If developing an activity agenda, it made sense to provide inclusion in order for the entire group to participate. However, our communities are not designed in a functional capacity. When design changes happen, the obvious needs, such as for mobility access are identified, but for those who have cognitive or visual impairments, accessing their community becomes a barrier, and quite often they give up and remain isolated. Our company, Community Solutions Ltd. provides rehab support following an accident, with support in travel and community access. I fully support Scott in his plan for Universal Design for Inclusion for all! Let's make this a world in which no matter what our challenges may be, we can all participate together. Scott, your links to get people from around the world to network on this mission, has opened up an opportunity for global connections. Thank you for all you do!

by srains on March 11, 2008 - 14:57

Nancy,

How wonderful to find your encouraging endorsement here!

You don't mention it but I know that you are busy organizing all the Canadians who attended SATH to share resources around inclusion in travel.

Laurie Ringaert's project to bring Universal Design to Northern British Columbia ("Measuring Up The North") is going to set standards worldwide for Inclusive Destination Development. Having grown up in Washington State I am familiar with the beautiful environment that she is opening up to inclusive Geotourism. With the potential of your agency that you are bringing into travel accessibility I am very excited about Canada!
So, give me an excuse to come up. What would a Center of Excellence in Inclusive Tourism need to look like to succeed in Ontario and rural Ontario?

Scott Rains

by Fernando.Botelho on March 11, 2008 - 12:22

Scott, this is a wonderful project.

Being blind myself, I would certainly welcome Braille in all elevators and at least one page with the most important numbers next to the phone in every room of all hotels.

However, if there is something that would help even more than this, is a minimum of standardization. In other words: room numbers that one can feel, that are placed always in the same location relative to the door; magnetic keys that are not perfectly rectangular, so one always knows how it should be inserted without having to ask for help or try all 4 possible positions; elevator Braille labels in the same position relative to the buttons; and maybe museums that provide MP3 players for blind visitors so they can get descriptions of what is on display.

Btw, on the second example, it would be easy for magnetic key system manufacturers to simply have the right corner of the end which remains towards the user or outside the lock when being used, cut, so that it does not have a 90-degree corner just like the other three.

Your project can help disseminate ideas like this one, that cost nothing and yet make a significant difference in the quality of the traveler's experience.

Best of luck, you have my vote!

Fernando

by srains on March 11, 2008 - 13:00

Fernando,

Thank you for the simple, no-cost suggestions that all hotels could begin using now. In fact, by the end of the day they will be incorporated in the Minimum Hotel Accessibility Guidelines that Volker Posselt is circulating in Asia and Gordon Rattray is promoting in Africa.

The last time I was at the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art and Alctraz National Park I found some very good audio described tours. Do you know about Susan Perry's Menus That Talk?

There is someplace you can visit that I will never be able to -- Pompeii beneath Vesuvius. The labyrinth of ruins is not wheelchair accessible but there are self-guided audio tours available. I'll make you a deal that makes best use of our respective strengths. You go to Pompei and describe for me what you experience and I'll describe the Mona Lisa's smile for you after I visit the accessible Louvre.

Vivianne Sarraf is a young entrepreneur in Brazil will be speaking on museum inclusivity in the Netherlands this June at the Second
international Conference on the Inclusive Museum
. She has sent me several of her previous papers. I think there is a growing interest in this topic.

Scott Rains
www.RollingRains.com

by Nancy Gagnon on March 11, 2008 - 14:13

Hi
Scott, reading this reply to Fernando reminded me of the Casa Loma in Toronto - every visitor is presented with an audio device upon arrival for an audio described tour. The tour is fully accessible throughout the castle. A great suggestion to anyone touring Toronto.
If you need any info on accessible activities in Ontario, I may be able to help out. Recently a local area event runs with a fully signed theatrical presentation. In May, our Simcoe area museum is presenting an accessible day to promote the inclusivity of their museum. I think word is getting out there!
It's from great work from people like you that make a difference in this world!
Thank you!

by srains on March 12, 2008 - 13:56

Casa Loma photos

Thanks, Nancy.

I followed up up on your tip. Casa Loma looks very impressive! Do you know if their example of adopting inclusive tourism practices has had a "spillover effect" on other tourist sites in Toronto or the region?

Their site makes note of their grounds and garden. Several botanical gardens and public parks now feature what they call "sensory gardens" -- literally multi-sensory displays of the plant life with Braille, audio description, specimens that can be touched and smelled, models and tactile maps, and the like. Have they adopted this at Casa Loma or in your region?

Scott Rains
www.RollingRains.com

by lee-chin on March 9, 2008 - 11:46

I've tried traveling to Asian countries on my own or with my wheelchair-user friends, and each time, even if we purchased our tickets directly fr airline branch office, we still need to call the headquarters to inform them of our 'special needs,' contact all the travel insurance agents and see who will accept or reject us this time, even though they accepted our previous applications before, and then locating wheelchair-accessible hotels, locate accessible destinations we can go to, and how we are to get there. Whether local public transport is accessible, or how we can booked lifted-van services, if there's one.

Before we even started on our journey, we are already worn out. If only we have a centre to give us all the informations we need, we can save a lot of energy for our travel and not preparing for our travel. And in case of emergency, we also need a local agent who can give us immediate assistance.

That's my two cents worth for you Scott, looking forward to a much needed Accessible Tourism centre in Asia soon.

Regards,
Lee-chin

by lee-chin on March 9, 2008 - 11:34

Hi Scott,

Remembering I was nearly barred from flying unaccompanied in 2005, traveling to Japan from Malaysia, traveling unaccompanied is no longer such a big deal with major airlines now.

With all the budget airlines booming up in Asia, traveling for wheelchair-users is still only for the rich. Because most budget airport terminals in Asia are not accessible, even if we have 4 personal assistants to carry us onboard, the airline will still reject you for no reasons at all.

Most countries in Asia lacks barrier-free facilities, so unless we really have 4 personal assistants to carry us up and down buses, group tours is out of the question. The only place we can travel unaccompanied is big and expensive cities in US, Europe, Australia, Japan.

Most hotels in Asia do not provide wheelchair-accessible hotel rooms, only a few 4 or 5 star hotels would provide one wheelchair accessible room in superior or suite.

We can only depend on taxi to our destination spot, and if you travel with 2 or 3 wheelchair-users, each of us have to ride and pay for our own taxi. But always, it's impossible to hail even one taxi back to your hotel afterwards, and if you don't speak the local language, you can't even dial for one.

Traveling aside, most travel insurance reject our application outright, even with medical certificate signed by a doctor that we are fit to travel. We either have to travel without travel insurance or trust it to the agent who took our application that if accident do happen, they won't try to get away claiming we are already impaired before the accident.

by srains on March 24, 2008 - 20:17

Lee-chin,
.
I remember the discrimination you overcame in 2005 when you were Malaysia's delegate to the first Piano Paralympics. Like India's billionaire Sminu Jindal you were told you could not fly on a commercial flight that you had paid full fare for simply because you could not walk. The story is there for all to see in the first issue of a Disability Studies academic journal to be devoted to Inclusive Tourism ( The Review of Disability Studies, Volume 2 Issue 2, 2006.
.
Hopefully with this project we can make an impact on that sort of mentality. It is difficult for us but it is also dehumanizing for those who perpetrate it. I am a firm believer that by eliminating many of the opportunities for discrimination through proper design of space, products, and systems using Universal Design we eliminate many opportunities for others to abase themselves by denying us our humanity and preventing our social participation. I just wrote the following to a friend and it seems relevant to your experience:
.
"Our campaign for social inclusion is like the waves sculpting the shoreline and a ship moving forward under their power. The barriers left for us to wear down - forty years after first stirring up the waters with the modern Disability Rights Movement - are rocky, resistant, and dangerous to navigate. That is why we have enlisted the captains of industry and alerted them that the remaining threats to our passage to freedom threaten to sink their own ships as well."
.
It's just a bad business decision to exclude us as customers.
.
Scott Rains
www.RollingRains.com

by iabuhelil on March 8, 2008 - 15:23

in Jordan; which I was not aware off.

We counted on Scott to guide us in the past and we are looking forward for his Center of Excellence in Inclusive Tourism to guide us in the future. The Centre which Dr Scott Rains is proposing to Geotourism Challenge deserves the support of all the stakeholders involved in the tourism industry globally and Geotourism Challenging Fund in particular, the support should be for such individual's innovators with the global vision for all and this is what "Scott's proposed Centre" is about .
We are in this region lending all our support to Scott's proposal as its timely right for our project and would definitely empower the work not just in our region but in other regions like us too and will give breadth to accessible tourism training worldwide and will act as an excellent technical term of reference to all of us. I believe that it will be a success story for Geotourism Challenge to tell about in the near future. We welcome to see his project through.
My personal message to Scott, please continue to do what is possible and thank you for your years of work into this proposal and for considering these comments.
Ibrahim Abu-Helil

by srains on March 11, 2008 - 16:30

Ibrahim,

It is clear that you have a depth of experience in the travel and hospitality industry. Few hone in on how this proposal addresses the entire industry ecosystem in a region. I think that is the secret to economic sustainability -- sharing the vision thoroughly among all stakeholders so that inclusion becomes normal and an unthinkable project specification to neglect.

Then the fears about "extra expense" settle down to rational discussion of just how small an investment (if any) is called for. It is more about adopting appropriate standards that do not exclude. Because Universal Design has not been applied any talk of inclusion evokes memories of properties spending on some major makeover afterwards. The cost savings are in not having to build twice -- or use energy twice for materials manufacture and generate twice the waste product.
The Geotourism Challenge makes a special effort to select programs that "enhance and preserve local culture and place." What would that look like specifically at Petra or in Dubai? Would we need to develop new tools for heritage preservation at Petra or to keep pace with the gargantuan task of building out Dubai?
I look forward to working with you on your exciting vision for the Middle East!

Scott Rains
www.RollingRains.com

by iabuhelil on March 8, 2008 - 15:20

• Scott's proposal has a strong influential awareness message; a number of our business community, already took practical investment steps in the region in countries such as Jordan and Dubai, for the first time, where a series of projects to cater for the disabled tourists locally and globally are in process.
• Scott's implementation approach is an innovative one at least at our regional level, because it calls for the involvement of a wide range of suppliers, providers, professionals and users within the region tourism industry and the all in the all inclusive design including the disabled people, architects, tourist officials and others.
• Scott's proposal is sending a strong lasting social change message, where for the first time the estimated number of the 31 million people with disabilities in the region, would be able to think that they could use the tourism facilities and they are a targeted tourists' segments and a new market trends including seniors.
• I feel that Scott's proposal is an excellent example in embodying Geotourism principles in terms of quality and sustainability, because he is advocating the application of the best of Universal Design practices, which means his proposal, is striving towards quality of services and management of customers on sustainable bases including people with special needs challenges.
• Tourists with special needs challenges, have being marginalized for decades, in terms of academic and market research, of whom they are? Where they are? What their wants are? Scotts' centre or centers as his proposal is intending to is timely right to be supported to bridge of this gap of lack of data and knowledge about this marginalized part of the tourism industry and I am sure his proposed centre/centers will be our think-tank forum of discussion and Excellency.
• Scotts is seems to me is wholeheartedly devoted and well knowledgeable and an information disseminator, on what he is doing, of particular, about accessible tourism, when I mentioned to him about my local community project, he shared with me of information about our local tourism project in

by iabuhelil on March 8, 2008 - 15:17

NAT-MENA-P is an entrepreneurial Euro-Middle Eastern & North Africa Regional Project wanting to serve people with special needs at local, regional and global levels, by promoting and institutionalising the Inclusive/Accessible Tourism approach, based on introducing the applications of best standards and practices of Universal Design into the region touristic facilities. Our mission to work with the tourism region industry stakeholders, to be receptive to tourism accessibility for disabled and seniors guests travellers in both regions, and worldwide tourists who wanting to visit the MENA region. With a driven goal, this is given tourists with special challenges needs, equal opportunities and more choices outside Europe as other tourists alike.
As a Project Leader, on behalf of ENAT-MENA Project, I am writing to strongly support Dr. Scott proposal to start Centres of Excellence in Inclusive Tourism and I seen no reason why it should not be approved, for a host of reasons.
• The support background, in the processes to achieving our regional project, I've been introduced to Scott electronically through ENAT. Scott's prompt communications and 'Services for FREE’, without knowing each other, tremendously impressed us. Scott's support was excellent and indeed invaluable source to be consulted in developing and building up our proposal.
• As a result of this, we feel that Scott's proposal will defiantly would have a global impact, because we tried and experienced his work and it has been instrumental in raising the level of awareness within our region, of particular, the stakeholders within the business sector, to realize for the first time, the business viability for the inclusion of people with disabilities, as potentially valuable economic actors and guests for the region tourism industry.

Ibrahim Abu-Helil

by SandraR on March 5, 2008 - 19:01

Best wished Scott with your entry. You do a fantastic job in an area that needs it - your energy and depth of knowledge puts me to shame! Keep up the good work.

by srains on March 5, 2008 - 19:33

Sandra,
.
That praise from the woman who published "Tourism for visitors to New Zealand with mobility problems: a West Coast perspective" for Tai Poutini Polytechnic is welcome indeed!
.
For others who want to replicate her excellent idea in their own region click here for the report as .pdf.
.
Summary of the Report:
.
"Tourism is New Zealand’s primary export earner, and the West Coast’s largest employer. There is a growing trend worldwide to cater to niche-tourism markets. People with disabilities represent a large and growing niche tourism market, one that New Zealand and the West Coast has not yet begun to fully exploit. This market has increasing discretionary funds and financial power, is articulate and web savvy, and very interested in travel. There is a significant opportunity for the West Coast to place itself as a region of excellence in tourism for people with disabilities. However, awareness of this market and the ability to cater for it is currently negligible. This report provides an overview of the access market, a preliminary examination of the provision of West Coast tourism services for people with disabilities, and suggests ways in which this large and growing market can be researched and developed. "
.
Scott Rains
www.RollingRains.com

by srains on March 4, 2008 - 19:19

At my blog RollingRains.com I have been posting about Responsible Tourism and how it links to issues of disability.

Compare this list of characteristics of Responsible Tourism from the Cape Town Declaration of 2002 with the description of the Centers of Excellence project. The project aligns with the Responsible Tourism values presented in the Declaration.


Characteristics of Responsible Tourism
  • Minimises negative economic, environmental and social impacts
  • Generates greater economic benefits for local people and enhances the well-being of host communities, improves working conditions and access to the industry
  • Involves local people in decisions that affect their lives and life chances
  • Makes positive contributions to the conservation of natural and cultural heritage, to the maintenance of the world's diversity
  • Provides more enjoyable experiences for tourists through more meaningful connections with local people, and a greater understanding of local cultural, social and environmental issues
  • Provides access for physically challenged people
  • Is culturally sensitive, engenders respect between tourists and hosts, and builds local pride and confidence


The language referring to people with disabilities in the Declaration was very likely chosen thoughtfully.

Yet by specifying physical disabilities the document suggests that Responsible Tourism is not concerned with sensory, intellectual, or emotional disabilities. On the surface it appears that physical access is the only goal. Program access -- more directly social inclusion piece -- is an equally important goal. Program access is the ability for all to participate in services provided to tourists beyond simple physical accessibility.

This project understands full inclusion and participation by people all - including people with disabilities to be the truest reading of the phrase.

Let's be careful that the language of the conference document to come from the Second International Conference on Responsible Tourism in Kerala, India next month encompasses the full range of difference in abilities and communicates its goal as inclusion both physically and programatically.

by kavita on March 4, 2008 - 04:25

I haven't had the good fortune of meeting Scott yet but whatever interaction I have had with him on the mail has been enlightening. He is doing great work and it would be a big step forward if his project gets through.
I am working in the field of barrier free environment with an organization called Svayam. We are striving to make our city i.e New Delhi accessible. We are working with civic agencies of the city for providing accessible public toilets in the city and have been successful in the same. The accessible toilet design given by us has been accepted by them and is being implemented.
People with disabilities account for approximately 70 million of India's population and the aging population adding to it makes it an even bigger number which just cannot be ignored. Accessibility is an important aspect of providing a dignified and independent life to people with disabilities along with the greying population who due to age related problems have reduced mobility. Access, right from home to public transportation, educational institutions, work places and other public areas is required. A centre like the one proposed by Scott if established in India would really help the cause and take it forward. India having a large geographical area coupled with a large population, our work is like a drop in the ocean. Universal design and barrier free environment is the need of the hour.
The comments on the site are quite enlightening and show that a lot of work is being done in this sector the world over. Let's make the world barrier free and accessible to all.

Cheers!!

Kavita Agrawal
India

by srains on March 12, 2008 - 22:29

Kavita,

While I was in Thailand a university professor took me to see an important piece of public architecture. At first I thought it was a joke that we were going to see the number 1 rated public restroom in the country. When I saw it I realized why it was award-winning.
.
It is efficient, accessible, stylish and not only surrounded by but filled with growing things. It has dramatic art and water features. Amazing!
.

The Best Little Outhouse in Town!
.
Over at Changemakers' Tapping Local Innovation: Unclogging the Water and Sanitation Crisis Jack Sims of the World Toilet Organization has an entry called Building Efficient Markets for Sanitation. What I like is how he has outlined a systematic approach to drawing the whole supply chain together as stakeholders.
.
He will be talking to my partners at UNESCAP and in Thailand this month to discuss further projects there.

by danafrasz on March 3, 2008 - 16:08

Hi Scott,
By reading through all the comments I learned of the wheel chair accessible car rentals, the lightweight sling for transferring people out of their wheelchairs so they can participate in outdoor sport and the hand-powered elevator. These are all great examples of the universal designs you are working on. It would be great if you could include a few of these (and other) examples in the entry form. Thanks!

Dana Frasz
Changemakers

by srains on March 5, 2008 - 19:36

Hi Dana,

Sometimes I err on the side of what I consider to be integrity and it is to my disadvantage but I remain scrupulous about never taking credit for what I have not done. Doing otherwise is a social dominance tactic of stealing intellectual capital and is used regularly to enforce the glass ceiling restraining women and the low-expectations imposed upon people with disabilities.

Prasad developed the vehicles in India (Amaral invented a different solution in Rio de Janeiro for his fleet of taxis). Mark developed Comfort Carrier (Sharon Park created a land-tobaggon). Jesse Owens made the hand-powered elevator for going up. (Dada Moreira is working on getting down -- zip line safety for people with disabilities in Brazil.) My work has been to connect them with markets, manufacturers, each other, and the overall network that is inventing Inclusive Tourism.

I really would have loved to include details about what these, and dozens more, gifted people are doing but the darned entry form limits to 200 words for most answers! That's why I put the little invitation in the entry "Perhaps they will chose to tell the stories of their local success and strategies in the Comment section below."

Scott Rains
www.RollingRains.com